Labor Day Sale - Reds!

Chappellet Vineyard · 'Signature' Cabernet Sauvignon · Napa Valley · 2022

Since its first vintage in 1968, Chappellet has set the standard for mountain-grown Napa Cabernet — wines of rare depth, longevity, and elegance from Pritchard Hill, one of the valley’s most celebrated and demanding terroirs. The ‘Signature’ is the estate’s benchmark bottling: a Bordeaux-style blend anchored by 82% Cabernet Sauvignon with Petit Verdot (9%), Malbec (7%), and Merlot (2%), each variety contributing its own dimension to a wine that is greater than the sum of its parts. JD:93 · WA:92. At $99.99, this is Pritchard Hill Cabernet at a price that makes it one of Napa’s most compelling values at this level of pedigree — “a killer wine and great value,” as Jeb Dunnuck put it.

The 2022 opens with tons of cassis and darker, almost blue fruits, interwoven with sappy spring flowers, crushed stone, and lead pencil nuances. On the palate: balanced and medium to full-bodied, with beautiful tannins, bold mocha, black cherry, and a nicely concentrated mid-palate that avoids the overripeness that plagued lesser wines in this warm vintage. The finish is long and pronounced, with a lingering mocha note and supple structure. Drink now through 2035+.

“A killer wine and great value… balanced and medium to full-bodied, with beautiful tannins.” — Jeb Dunnuck, 93 Points. Vintage 2022. 

“Well-priced for the quality… full-bodied and packed with flavor, nicely concentrated and framed by supple tannins.” — Wine Advocate, 92 Points. Vintage 2022. 

• Producer: Chappellet Vineyard (est. 1968)
• Vintage: 2022
• Appellation: Napa Valley, California
• Sub-Region: Pritchard Hill
• Blend: 82% Cabernet Sauvignon · 9% Petit Verdot · 7% Malbec · 2% Merlot
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Cassis, blue fruit, spring flowers, crushed stone, lead pencil, mocha, black cherry, supple tannins, long finish
• Cellar Potential: Drink now through 2035+
• Food Pairings: Prime ribeye, braised short ribs, lamb rack, aged cheddar, wild mushroom dishes

JD:93 · WA:92 — Pritchard Hill mountain Cabernet, setting the Napa standard since 1968.

Winemaker Description

Blend: 76% Cabernet Sauvignon, 15% Cabernet Franc, 6% Petite Verdot, 3% Merlot
The 2018 Cabernet Sauvignon is absolutely impeccable. Best of all, it won't require years in the cellar to be enjoyable. In fact, it is quite expressive today. Juicy dark cherry, plum, mocha, spice, leather and cinnamon are some of the many notes that flesh out in the glass. 

Expert Review 

Vinous 96+ Points | The 2018 Cabernet Sauvignon is silky and elegant, with lovely aromatic presence and impeccable balance. Sweet tobacco, cedar, dried flowers and mint all give this mid-weight Cabernet lovely complexity and nuance. The 2018 has shut down since I tasted it last year, but that is not surprising given the style here. Today, bright acids give the 2018 energy, tension and a good deal of precision. Those qualities should help the 2018 Cabernet Sauvignon age well over the coming decades.  Drinking 2028 - 2058.

Tempranillo (Tinto Fino) | Ribera del Duero / Spain
Vintage: 2018  |  Size: 750ml  |  Reserva · 90+ Rated

Bodegas Valduero is one of Ribera del Duero’s founding estates, established in 1984 by Gregorio García Álvarez in the small Burgos town of Gumiel del Mercado — making it one of the very first wineries in the appellation. Today, alongside his daughters Yolanda and Carolina, the family cultivates 200 hectares of Tempranillo at the foot of a mountain, aging their wines in an authentic cave over 30 metres deep that houses more than 4,000 oak barrels and a million bottles.

The Tierra Alta en 2 Cotas Reserva is their most terroir-driven expression: sourced from 50-year-old bush-trained vines planted at 830 metres altitude on clay-calcareous soils, with production naturally limited to 3,500 kg/ha. Harvested by hand into 14kg boxes, fermented in stainless steel, then aged 30 months in oak barrels of three different origins, followed by 18 months of bottle aging before release. The 2018 is classic and expressive — dark fruit, cedar, warm spice, and a subtle earthiness from the high-altitude soils. Fine and elegant on the palate, with well-balanced fruit and oak, firm but refined tannins, and a long, complex finish that speaks clearly of its terroir.

“Deftly made wine, with intense fruit and smart oak ageing, redolent of Ribera typicity, with a modern and easygoing style. Very clean, well defined, dry and smooth in mouth, remarkably fresh. Persistent and fruity finish… An excellent entry point to Valduero’s stable of great wines, which is one of the most notable in the whole region.”
— Decanter, 92 Points. (Vintage 2018). 

Vines: 50+ years, bush-trained  |  Altitude: 830m  |  Soils: Clay-calcareous
Aging: 30 months in oak (3 origins) + 18 months bottle aging
Pairs with: Roast lamb, suckling pig, beef stew, aged Manchego, hearty game dishes.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2016

Wine Spectator 95 points | This has a lovely core of creamy anise-infused plum, blackberry and boysenberry flavors that showcase themselves a bit more vividly than many Margaux peers in this vintage do, with substantial but velvety grip and lots of extra violet, graphite and black tea notes adding to the long flow of a finish. Really beautiful feel. Best from 2023 through 2038.Wine Enthusiast 97 points Dark tannins work with the sophisticated structure of this wine. The very fine tannins are an important element of the wine, giving shape to the ripe black fruits and acidity. This wine, rich and structured, is set for a long development. Drink from 2026. Cellar Selection.

Wine Advocate 97 points | Deep garnet-purple colored, the 2016 Rauzan-Ségla drifts effortlessly from the glass with fragrant rose hip tea, candied violets and chocolate box scents over a core of fresh blackcurrants and black cherry compote plus wafts of tobacco and dusty soil. Medium to full-bodied, it delivers a great mid-palate of softly textured black and blue fruits with loads of floral nuances and a refreshing lift on the finish. The blend this year is 68% Cabernet Sauvignon, 30% Merlot and 2% Petit Verdot, harvested between September 20th and October 15th at an average yield of 45 hectoliters per hectare. It was aged for 18 months in French oak, 60% new. The alcohol is 13.5%.Decanter 95 points There's an array of flavours and complex aromatics on offer here. It's powerful and brooding, with a lyrical acidity that helps to lift up the relatively foursquare tannins on the attack. After a few minutes in the glass it begins to ripple with menthol, liquorice root, grilled cedar and sweet spices. It needs time to settle, of course, but is extremely classic, and will go the distance and then some. Matured in 60% new oak.

Jeb Dunnuck 98 points | I continue to love the 2016 Rauzan-Ségla, a thrillingly complete, flawlessly balanced, and borderline perfect Margaux that should be snatched up by readers. Notes of cassis, graphite, tobacco leaf, and earth all give way to a full-bodied effort that has building tannins, no hard edges, and a level of purity and elegance that’s just about off the charts. Given its purity and balance, it’s accessible today, but it will be best with 4-5 years of bottle age and keep for 3-4 decades.

James Suckling 98 points | The aromas of blackcurrants, sweet tobacco and sandalwood are tantalizing. Then it turns to subtle, dried fruit. Full-bodied with dense and powerful tannins, yet ending with finesse and vertical nature. Very deep. Power with finesse. Try after 2025. 

Winemaker Description

#5 Wine Spectator Top 100 of 2025
#99 Jeb Dunnuck Top 100 of 2025
#8 Vinous Top 100 of 2025

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2022

100 Points Vinous | The 2022 Beau-Séjour Bécot is a total stunner. What a wine! The 2022 was magnificent en primeur, and it is all that from bottle. The aromatics alone are mesmerizing. Crushed rose petal, mint, blood orange, new leather and cedar meld into a core of pliant red-toned fruit. More than anything else, I am so impressed with the wine's precision and finesse. I have never tasted a Beau-Séjour Bécot like this.

Jeb Dunnuck 98 Points | Tasted on multiple occasions, the 2022 Château Beau-Séjour Bécot is flat-out sensational, as well as the finest wine I’ve tasted from this château. Powerful aromatics of red, blue, and black fruits as well as crushed stone and violets define the aromatics, and it’s full-bodied, incredibly concentrated, has integrated acidity, and ultra-fine tannins. Based on 76% Merlot, 22% Cabernet Franc, and the rest Cabernet Sauvignon, this heavenly Saint-Emilion will benefit from just 3-5 years of bottle age and have 30 years or more of overall longevity. Back up the truck.

The Wine Advocate 97 Points | The 2022 Beau-Séjour Bécot has turned out brilliantly in bottle. Wafting from the glass with a complex bouquet of sweet wild berries mingled with rose petals, orange zest, violets, gentian and espresso roast, it's full-bodied, supple and suave, with a deep core of cool, layered fruit, beautifully vibrant flavors and polished structuring tannins, concluding with a saline finish. As I wrote when I tasted it from barrel, this is a Saint-Émilion of breathtaking perfume and harmony that will be worth a special effort to seek out.

The Wine Spectator 96 Points | This is very fresh, expressive and focused, with violet, iris and rosehip notes darting to the fore, while flavors of sleek raspberry and red currant preserves race along behind. Almost flattering, but there’s a subtle chalky tension piercing the finish, which sails through. A dreamy wine. Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon.

Decanter 96 Points |  Floral notes on the nose. Tangy and sharp, lively and bright straight away, sweet and sour, so energetic and lively with a mineral grip from the fine, firm, grippy tannins. Lovely precision and almost delicate presentation of fruit. You really feel the mineral, salty, tangy aspect of the fruit, nothing feels overworked, all in balance, really quite thrilling and electric. Great purity and focus. Scintillating yet still with a lovely volume and roundness accented by tobacco, clove, liquorice and cinnamon touches. Really well worked and fresh - this feels very modern with such control to the fruit, tannins, acidity giving overall depth and complexity. Elegant but confident, taking the best density from clay density and freshness from limestone. A very singular charm with this wine.

Memo Summary Notes 

The Château Beau-Séjour Bécot 2022 is being hailed by many critics as the "best wine ever produced" by this historic Saint-Émilion estate. This vintage marks a significant milestone, recently ranking as #5 in Wine Spectator’s Top 100 Wines of 2025.

Situated on the iconic limestone plateau of Saint-Martin de Mazerat, the estate has shifted its style under owner Juliette Bécot toward greater precision, floral aromatics, and mineral tension, moving away from the more opulent, oak-heavy profiles of the past.

Expert Reviews

• Vinous 93 Points | The 2023 Malbec comes from Drummond, Luján de Cuyo and was aged 12 months in French oak, one-third new. It offers clear black fruit — ripe blackberry and plum — over delicate oak and a hint of violet. Dry and slightly compact due to the warm vintage, it carries good black-fruit flavor on the palate. Well executed for the year.
• Oscar Garcia, 67Wine | A full-bodied and expressive Malbec with substance and chewy tannins. Perfect pairing for beef dishes, poultry, or pork.

Winemaker Notes

The aromas of sweet French oak and espresso grow more complex with every swirl, unveiling black plum, ripe raspberry, and violet. Full-bodied, dense, and chewy on the palate with flavors of black raspberry, plums, roasted herbs, and mint — a classic estate-grown Malbec from one of Luján de Cuyo’s most respected producers.

• Grape Source: 100% Malbec
• Appellation: Luján de Cuyo, Mendoza
• Vineyard: Drummond Estate
• Location: Argentina
• Aging: 12 months in French oak (1/3 new)

Gato Negro | Malbec | Valle Central, Chile | 1.5L Magnum

Gato Negro is one of Chile's most beloved everyday wine brands, produced by Viña San Pedro — a winery with roots dating back to 1865 and one of the most established names in South American wine. The iconic Black Cat label has built a global following for delivering consistent, fruit-forward wines at exceptional value.

Valle Central is Chile's heartland wine region, stretching between the Andes and the Coastal Range. The warm, sunny climate and well-drained soils are ideal for Malbec — producing wines with an intense ruby-violet color, generous dark fruit, and the soft, velvety tannins that make Chilean Malbec so approachable and crowd-pleasing.

Gato Negro Malbec is deep ruby-violet in the glass with fresh aromas of plum, blackberry, and dark fruit, accented by lactic notes and a subtle touch of vanilla. On the palate, soft and medium-bodied with a smooth texture, firm structure, and a lingering, fruit-forward finish. No pretension, no fuss — just a generous, easy-drinking red that delivers every time.

Now available in a generous 1.5L Magnum — perfect for entertaining, parties, and casual gatherings. Pair with grilled red meats, burgers, lamb, empanadas, pasta with tomato sauce, and aged cheeses.

• Producer: Gato Negro / Viña San Pedro
• Varietal: Malbec
• Region: Valle Central, Chile
• Style: Soft, fruit-forward, medium-bodied red
• Closure: Screwcap
• Format: 1.5L Magnum

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2022 

Jeb Dunnuck 96 Points | The 2022 Pinot Noir Les Dijonnais comes from the oldest vines on the property, planted in 1995 with all Dijon clones. Bottled in late January of this year, the wine sports a vibrant ruby hue and shows off notes of wild raspberries, mixed berries, a hint of fresh violets, clove spice, forest herbs, and brambly earth. It’s chiseled in its structure, with coiled tannins and a good deal of youthful tension, and also offers mineral persistence, with wonderful salinity and dark undertones of earth. It demands another few years in cool cellars to soften and expand as it evolves and will drink well over the long haul. Drink 2026-2040. 590 cases were produced.

Winemaker Description 

Planted in 1995, the Dijon block is now in its prime, delivering the complexity and elegance one expects from carefully tended twenty-six-year-old vines. The 2021 “DJ,” as it is known in-house, shows characteristic black raspberry and rose hip notes. Consistent with previous vintages, it displays Asian five spice, briar and even hints of blood orange coupled with a refreshing acidity and persistent finish. It is a superior vintage, one of the best of the decade. While the 2021 Les Dijonnais Pinot Noir is delicious right now, it will reward patience after a few years in a cool cellar.  Winemaker Description.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2021 

The Wine Spectator 93 Points | Handsomely structured and full-bodied yet refined in approach, offering blackberry and cherry flavors laced with mocha espresso and cinnamon notes that build richness toward polished tannins.

The Wine Enthusiast 92 Points | A generous and glittering Zinfandel that is both savory and mouthwatering. This wine showcases raspberry, ripe plums, tobacco and dry, forest notes. Robust and lengthy.

James Suckling 91 Points |  Aromas of blueberry tart, poached rhubarb, cigar box and sweet spices. The palate is full-bodied with firm yet integrated tannins, bright acidity and notes of black cherries, baking spices and burnt oranges. Block 28 sits at 60 meters above sea level and is planted to St. George rootstock. The wine is aged for 15 months in 65% new oak. A powerful and tightly bound wine that will age gracefully. Drink or hold.

Winemaker Description 

Hendry Block 28 is located on bench lands west of the town of Napa. This 4.17-acre block is 160 feet above sea level and has thin, stony soils. Morning fog and strong afternoon breezes from San Pablo Bay moderate the maritime climate. The vines were planted in 1998 using St. George roots and grafted with budwood selected from an old-vine Zinfandel vineyard on Mt. Veeder called the Brandlin Vineyard. The vines are spaced 6.9' x 5', cordon-trained and spur-pruned. A vertical trellis system supports the cordon and the canopy.

Mt. Veeder’s Brandlin Ranch was planted in 1926 with a Zinfandel which produces complex, intense fruit.  The character of this mountain fruit was very interesting to George. In the early days of winemaking at Hendry, he made an arrangement with the vineyard’s owner to tend the vines in exchange for the fruit. When the vineyard was sold, George was able to obtain budwood from the gnarled old vines, which he then grafted onto rootstock in Block 28, where we’ve grown it ever since. The character of the fruit remains distinct from our other Zinfandel and Primitivo cultivars. 

In 2021, bud break in Block 28 occurred April 7th. Bloom was May 24th. Harvest was on September 25th, with a yield of 2.93 tons per acre. Bloom-to-harvest period was 124 days. 

The alcoholic fermentation was completed in approximately one week in closed fermentation tanks. The wine was then pressed and put into barrels for malolactic fermentation. Aging was fifteen months in French oak barrels, approximately 65% - 75% of which are new each year. 

Deep ruby color. Big, blackberry jam aromatics jump out of the glass. Fruity on the front-palate, medium-heavy and balanced, drawing out to a firm finish of black tea tannins. This is a Zin for Zin-lovers! The bolder of our two Zinfandel offerings. Plenty of structure for burgers, braised lamb shanks, salumi, cheeses, and slow-roasted brisket. 

Cases: 1274
   

Winemaker Description 

A superb and age-worthy Barolo by Giacomo Conterno, from the Francia vineyard in Serralunga d’Alba. 100% Nebbiolo. Fermented with native yeasts and aged in large oak casks. Red fruits, roses, tar, licorice and spices notes. Powerful and complex. 

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2018 

Expert Reviews 97 Points Wine Advocate | Of the three Barolo samples I tasted from barrel (including Arione and Cerretta, which are also from Serralunga d'Alba), the Giacomo Conterno 2018 Barolo Francia was the furthest behind and the hardest to pin down at this stage in its infancy. I have opened my range of scores accordingly to compensate for the magical unknowns that are likely to occur as the wine moves toward greater harmony and integration before its commercial release. The wine is linear and pointedly focused, lacking the width and volume it will gain when given more time to flesh out and relax. The aromas are also quite primary and simple at this point, with dark cherry and even a hint of ripe strawberry ceding gradually to grilled herb, blue flower and baked brick. This vintage of Barolo Francia will require patience. (2018).

95 Points Wine Spectator | Delivers depth and power, with menthol and wild herbs shading cherry and plum flavors. The balance tips toward the tannins in the end, yet this doesn't feel overly astringent, just more structured than many '18s. Picks up a mineral element as this lingers on the finish. Be patient. (2018).

95+ Points Vinous | The 2018 Barolo Francia is powerful, deep and also a touch austere. It shows the edginess of all the 2018s, but also has a feeling of textural creaminess that adds tons of character. Spice, menthol, leather and a whole range of balsamic overtones build into the deep, imposing finish. Roberto Conterno decided to forego his Barolo Monfortino in 2018, opting instead to blend all the casks into his Francia bottling. When that happens, Francia often surprises down the road. That could very well turn out to be the case here. (2018).

Monica Larner writes:  The Giacomo Conterno 2018 Barolo Francia has opened beautifully since I last tasted this wine at the winery two years ago. It was closed back then (no surprise since I tasted it as an unfinished sample), but with the distance of time, the wine has blossomed to show blackcurrant, cassis, aniseed, blue flower and pencil shaving. The Francia is known for its magical combination of power and nuance, both delivered with seamless intensity. This vintage offers a savory component with hints of toasted spice or spent ember. The tannins are fine and polished.  - Robert Parker Wine Advocate 95

Château Simard | Saint-Émilion AOC | Bordeaux, France | 2015

Château Simard has a history rooted in the very foundations of Saint-Émilion. The estate takes its name from Johan de Las Symas, a Jurat of Saint-Émilion in the 15th century who founded the village of Simard — where the Vauthier family's two estates are currently located. The vineyard was purchased in 1954 by Claude Mazière, and in 2008 his nephew Alain Vauthier — the celebrated proprietor of Château Ausone, one of Bordeaux's most iconic estates — took the reins. The estate has thus remained in the same family for seven decades, and the Vauthier connection to Ausone brings world-class winemaking expertise to every vintage.

Located in the southern valley of Saint-Émilion running down to the plain, the 40-hectare estate is planted on a patchwork of clay-limestone, sand, and gravel soils. The blend is 70% Merlot, 25% Cabernet Franc, and 5% Cabernet Sauvignon — though the 2015 is composed of 80% Merlot and 20% Cabernet Franc. After manual harvesting and meticulous berry sorting, the wine is fermented and aged primarily in concrete and stainless-steel tanks to preserve freshness and roundness, with approximately 30% oak. The result is a wine of pure fruit, concentration, and generosity — the very definition of Saint-Émilion's accessible, pleasure-driven style.

The 2015 is a superb vintage for Saint-Émilion. Medium to deep garnet-purple in the glass. The nose is vibrantly scented with red currants, black cherries, warm plums, violets, oranges, lemons, and fragrant earth. On the palate, medium-bodied, very fine, fruity, and elegant — ripe, fine-grained tannins, wonderful freshness, and a red cherry lift on the finish. Silky, juicy, and delicious. Ready to drink now or hold.

Pair with roast lamb, duck confit, beef bourguignon, mushroom dishes, and aged hard cheeses.

• Producer: Château Simard (Vauthier Family / Château Ausone)
• Appellation: Saint-Émilion AOC, Bordeaux, France
• Blend: 80% Merlot, 20% Cabernet Franc
• Vintage: 2015
• Vinification: Concrete & stainless-steel tanks; ~30% oak aging
• Bottle Size: 750ml

Critical Acclaim — Vintage 2015

• Wine Advocate — 91 pts: Vibrantly scented of red currants, black cherries and warm plums with hints of violets and fragrant earth. Medium-bodied, very fine, fruity and elegant with ripe, fine-grained tannins and wonderful freshness. Finishes with a red cherry lift.
• James Suckling — 91 pts: Oranges and lemons with blackberry and dark-earth character. Full-bodied, round, juicy and silky. Delicious and soft. A gorgeous wine. Drink now or hold.
• Vinous Media — 90 pts: Intense and dark — succulent jammy fruit with exotic spice, leather and rose petal overtones wrapping around the juicy finish. An attractive, early-drinking Simard.

Experience the elegance of Curio California Pinot Noir 2024

Experience the elegance of Curio California Pinot Noir 2024, an honest expression of Pinot Noir as it was meant to be. Lovingly produced by minimalist winemakers James and Lorenza Allen of Accenti Wines, this wine showcases pure, unblemished Pinot Noir character through spontaneous fermentation, low-extraction, and moderate oak influence. With its lush, fruity aromas and sophisticated tannins, this wine beautifully captures the essence of California, making it an excellent choice for both casual drinkers and discerning connoisseurs.

Professional Review - Bart Hopkins, 67wino.shop

"Curio Pinot Noir is lovingly produced by minimalist winemakers James and Lorenza Allen of Accenti Wines. Spontaneous fermentation, low-extraction, and moderate oak influence are hallmarks of their style in the cellar. They don't add stuff like yeast, bacteria, tannins, or enzymes to the wines because well-farmed fruit and careful attention to detail eliminates the need for additives.

The 2024 Curio is Pinot Noir as it was meant to be. It's an honest expression of the varietal, pure and unblemished, every sip a revelation of flavor. On the nose, inviting aromas of dark cherry, wild strawberry and spiced plum swirl from the glass with elevated anticipation. The flavors coalesce joyfully in the mouth with elegance and harmonious balance, revealing a gentle earthiness and savory spice that resonates into the finish like a long Mediterranean sunset.

True to its form, this is a food lover's Pinot Noir. Don't be afraid to be adventurous, this Pinot will take on whatever culinary challenge it meets with delectable agility, whether it's a gourmet feast or a simple mid-week excursion."

James & Lorenza Allen - Accenti Wines

Curio Pinot Noir is crafted by James and Lorenza Allen, the talented winemaking duo behind Accenti Wines. Their minimalist approach to winemaking focuses on letting the fruit speak for itself, using spontaneous fermentation and careful attention to detail rather than additives. This philosophy creates wines of exceptional purity and character.

Minimalist Winemaking Philosophy

Spontaneous fermentation, low-extraction, and moderate oak influence are hallmarks of the Allens' style in the cellar. They don't add yeast, bacteria, tannins, or enzymes to the wines because well-farmed fruit and careful attention to detail eliminates the need for additives. This natural approach allows the true character of the Pinot Noir grape to shine through.

Pinot Noir as It Was Meant to Be

The 2024 Curio is Pinot Noir as it was meant to be - an honest expression of the varietal, pure and unblemished. Every sip is a revelation of flavor, showcasing the grape's natural elegance and complexity without manipulation or heavy-handed winemaking techniques.

Tasting Profile

Appearance: Bright ruby red characteristic of Pinot Noir
Aroma: Inviting aromas of dark cherry, wild strawberry and spiced plum swirl from the glass with elevated anticipation. Lush, fruity aromas with hints of vanilla
Palate: The flavors coalesce joyfully in the mouth with elegance and harmonious balance. Ripe cherries, hints of vanilla, and subtle earthy undertones. Gentle earthiness and savory spice. Well-structured with sophisticated tannins. Vibrant acidity
Finish: Resonates into the finish like a long Mediterranean sunset. Smooth finish that lingers, allowing you to appreciate its depth

Well-Farmed Fruit

The quality of Curio Pinot Noir begins in the vineyard with well-farmed fruit from California's sun-kissed vineyards. Careful attention to viticulture ensures grapes of exceptional quality that require minimal intervention in the cellar, allowing the terroir and vintage to express themselves fully.

2024 Vintage Excellence

The 2024 vintage showcases the exceptional quality that Curio wines are known for. This vintage captures the essence of California Pinot Noir with its pure fruit expression, elegant structure, and harmonious balance.

A Food Lover's Pinot Noir

True to its form, this is a food lover's Pinot Noir. Don't be afraid to be adventurous - this Pinot will take on whatever culinary challenge it meets with delectable agility, whether it's a gourmet feast or a simple mid-week excursion. The wine's versatility and balance make it perfect for pairing with a wide range of dishes.

Food Pairing Suggestions

This Pinot Noir elevates any meal with its refined character and vibrant acidity:

• Grilled salmon and seafood
• Rich mushroom risotto
• Roasted duck and poultry
• Pork tenderloin
• Earthy vegetable dishes
• Soft cheeses like Brie or Camembert
• Charcuterie boards
• Gourmet feasts or simple mid-week meals

Elegant & Harmonious Balance

The flavors coalesce joyfully in the mouth with elegance and harmonious balance. This complexity creates a harmonious balance on the palate and invites you to dive deeper with every sip, revealing layers of flavor that make each glass a discovery.

Pure & Unblemished Expression

Every sip is a revelation of flavor - pure and unblemished Pinot Noir character without additives or manipulation. The minimalist winemaking approach ensures that what you taste is the true expression of the grape and terroir.

California Terroir

Each sip unfolds a story crafted from grapes grown in the sun-kissed vineyards of California. The wine beautifully captures the essence of the region, showcasing California's ability to produce world-class Pinot Noir with elegance and character.

Perfect for Any Occasion

Curio California Pinot Noir is more than just a bottle of wine; it's an experience waiting to be savored. Enjoy it with good company or as a perfect complement to your favorite dishes. It's a wine that enhances occasions, making it a perfect option for gatherings or a cozy night in.

Delectable Agility

This Pinot will take on whatever culinary challenge it meets with delectable agility. The wine's versatility, balanced structure, and vibrant acidity make it adaptable to various cuisines and cooking styles, from elegant fine dining to casual weeknight meals.

A Wine That Tells a Story

The Curio California Pinot Noir tells a story of minimalist winemaking, well-farmed fruit, and the pursuit of pure expression. Let the story of Curio unfold with each glass, revealing the passion and dedication of James and Lorenza Allen in creating an honest, elegant Pinot Noir that honors the varietal and the California terroir.

Memo Summary Notes

The 2024 Domaine de la Grand’Cour (Jean-Louis Dutraive) Brouilly "Vieilles Vignes" is a highly sought-after, low-intervention Cru Beaujolais. While the 2024 vintage is just beginning to reach the market (following the 2023 release), it continues the Dutraive family tradition of producing wines that are "natural" in spirit but precise and elegant in profile.

This specific cuvée is an outlier for Jean-Louis Dutraive, whose estate is primarily based in Fleurie. The fruit comes from a 1.6-hectare parcel of vines (some over 100 years old) in Charentay. Unlike the granite-heavy soils of Fleurie, this Brouilly site features limestone and clay, which lends the wine a more muscular, savory, and mineral-driven character.

Importer Notes

On more than one occasion, Jean-Louis Dutraive has been fondly referred by his peers as "the heart of Beaujolais". The Dutraive family home and the Domaine de la Grand'Cour are one in the same, and there is a constant flow of visiting vignerons from every generation for lunches, dinners, casse-croûte ("breaking of bread"), walks in the vines, and tastings in the cellar. Jean-Louis' door is always open, as are his bottles. He makes himself regularly available to young people in the region who are interested in farming naturally, and he is among the first to lend a hand, a tractor, or words of advice to colleagues. Of course, his influence is most felt by his three children with whom he collaborates on the Famille Dutraive label. Daughter Ophélie assumed the helm of Domaine de la Grand'Cour in recent years. While Jean-Louis's presence is always felt, even when he is away enjoying his retirement home in the Jura, Ophélie has a deep connection to her vines and a deft hand in the cellar.

Domaine de la Grand Cour dates back to 1969 when it was purchased by Jean Dutraive, making it one of the oldest in the village of Fleurie. Jean Dutraive was joined by his son and fifth generation vigneron Jean-Louis in 1977. By 1989, the reins were fully in Jean-Louis’s capable hands. The foundation of the property are the lieux-dits of Clos de la Grand Cour, Chapelle des Bois and Champagne which make up a total of 9 hectares of vines in Fleurie, surrounding the house and cellars. Additionally, the family has 1.6 hectares in the cru of Brouilly where the Dutraive family originates. The average age of the vines are around 40-50 years, with a good chunk over 70 years of age.

The family are regarded as trailblazers in natural viticulture, and they continue to serve as a shining example of farmers who work in tandem with nature. Harvest is done by hand and grapes are immediately placed in tank at low temperatures to begin carbonic maceration (without sulfur). The wines ferment naturally with indigenous yeast and are macerated on the skins for anywhere from 15-30 days depending on the vintage and the particular wine. The wines are then gravity fed to the cellar for a period of ageing of 6-15 months, depending on the cuvée. Elevage occurs mostly in used burgundy barrels, though the Fleurie Grand'Cour, Fleurie Chapelle des Bois and Brouilly are sometimes aged at least partially in old foudres or cement tanks depending on the vintage. S02 is rarely added during the élévage, only when necessary, though a small amount is added when the wines are racked and assembled for bottling. And in general, no fining and filtration is used unless absolutely required. In the words of Jean-Louis, he practices "low intervention, high surveillance" winemaking. 

The Dutraive lineup includes some of the most aromatically and texturally unique wines in all of Beaujolais. One whiff and the wines give an almost exotic floral and spicy aroma, followed by lush minerally Gamay fruit, sort of like a top Morey St. Denis 1er or Grand Cru nose combined with earthy, Volnay-like fruit. There is also a textural lushness and exuberance backed up by ample structure and acid. These are substantial Beaujolais, and ones that could certainly stand up to food. They also have the requisite material to develop and evolve over the medium term, i.e. 10-12 years of aging - easily! Jean-Louis and his Domaine de la Grand'Cour wines have more than earned their place in the top ranks of today's Beaujolais domaines. 

Folk Machine Parts: A Unique Craft in Every Bottle

Winemaker Description 

Aromas of red tangy fruits and raspberries, flavors of blueberry and licorice with an underlying spice. A medium-bodied wine that feels fun, easy and gulpable, with a crisp finish. Versatile.

This is the forth vintage that Grenache has dominated the P&L blend and the first with our new label. A blend of Grenache from Mangels Ranch in Suisun Valley, Cedar Lane in Arroyo Seco, and Waddington Ranch in Mendocino, Carignane from Lolonis, Maria Martinson, and Castañon all in Mendocino, and Syrah from Vecino in Potter Valley.

There is a good amount of whole cluster and carbonic maceration through the lots keeping everything fresh and fun. As always, the blend was made immediately after harvest and the wine was aged in a combination of French oak foudres and stainless steel tanks.

Memo Summary Notes

The 2023 Folk Machine "Parts & Labor" Red is a high-energy, "bistro-style" California red blend crafted by Kenny Likitprakong of the Hobo Wine Company. Known for being "gulpable" and unpretentious, this vintage continues the shift toward a Grenache-heavy profile.

Why Choose Folk Machine Parts?

Folk Machine Parts stands out not just for its unique craftsmanship but also for the attention to detail that goes into every bottle. The 2023 edition, featuring Labor Red, blends traditional methods with contemporary flavors. This means that each sip offers a nuanced taste experience, as the ingredients are carefully selected and combined. You won’t just enjoy a drink; you will celebrate a piece of art in a bottle.

The Perfect Pairing for Any Occasion

Labor Red 2023 is a versatile alcohol that pairs beautifully with a variety of foods. Whether you are hosting a casual dinner party, or a sophisticated gathering, this 750ml bottle will impress your guests. The rich flavors complement both savory and sweet dishes, so you can create memorable dining experiences. Hosting becomes easier because you have a go-to beverage that everyone will love!

Craftsmanship that Captivates

In today’s market, many drinks lack the personal touch that distinguishes craft beverages, but Folk Machine Parts embraces individuality. Each batch is handcrafted, ensuring consistency in quality while allowing for subtle variations that make each bottle unique. This dedication to craftsmanship resonates with enthusiasts who appreciate not just the taste but the story behind their drink, making Labor Red a popular choice among discerning drinkers.

Critical Acclaim

• James Suckling – 94 Points | “Very pretty blackberries and blackcurrants with a hint of lead pencil. Medium-bodied with creamy, refined tannins and a polished finish. Shows precision and focus, especially in this hot vintage.” Drink after 2027.
• Jeb Dunnuck – 92 Points | “Ripe black cherries, redcurrants, spicy oak, and flowery incense. Medium to full-bodied with plenty of mid-palate depth, ripe polished tannins, and a great finish. Beautifully done — will evolve gracefully over the coming two decades.”
• Vinous – 92 Points | “Elegant, mid-weight Margaux. Dark-toned fruit, cloves, new leather and sweet spice, nicely lifted throughout. Attractive floral overtones extend the finish. Will drink well with minimal cellaring.”

Tasting Notes

Aromas of blackberry, blackcurrant, red cherry, and lead pencil with floral incense and spicy oak. On the palate, creamy, refined tannins frame flavors of dark fruit, cloves, and sweet spice with attractive floral overtones on the finish. Precise, polished, and classically Margaux in character.

About the Wine

Château Rauzan-Gassies is a Second Growth (Deuxième Cru Classé) from the Margaux appellation, one of Bordeaux’s most prestigious classifications dating to 1855. The 2022 is a blend of 76% Cabernet Sauvignon and 24% Merlot, raised in 57% new oak barrels. The 2022 vintage in Bordeaux is widely regarded as exceptional — and this wine delivers the precision and elegance that defines great Margaux. Now available in bottle as of early 2026.

Cellaring

Drink from 2027 through 2040+. Decant 45–60 minutes if opening now.

Food Pairing

Classic with roasted lamb, beef tenderloin, duck confit, and aged hard cheeses.

Product Details

• Appellation: Margaux, Médoc, Bordeaux, France
• Classification: 2nd Growth Grand Cru Classé (1855)
• Blend: 76% Cabernet Sauvignon, 24% Merlot
• Vintage: 2022
• Format: 750ml
• Producer: Château Rauzan-Gassies

Orin Swift MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon 2023 750ml

Explore the excellence of Orin Swift MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon 2023, a captivating red wine that expertly balances boldness and finesse. This super-concentrated, trim and age-worthy Cabernet Sauvignon is structured and deep, showcasing the exceptional winemaking that has made Orin Swift one of California's most celebrated producers. With an impressive 96-point score from James Suckling, this vintage reveals an intricate tapestry of flavors that both novice and seasoned wine lovers will appreciate.

Outstanding Critical Acclaim - 96 Points - Vintage 2023

James Suckling - 96 Points
"A super-concentrated, trim and age-worthy red that's structured and deep, with black cherry flavors on an elegant texture. Very focused, showing supple tannins and slightly restrained fruit, graphite, cocoa, black olive and tobacco leaf flavors. Full-bodied but still balanced."

Orin Swift - California Wine Excellence

Orin Swift is one of California's most celebrated wine producers, known for creating bold, distinctive wines with exceptional quality and character. Founded by winemaker Dave Phinney, Orin Swift has earned a reputation for producing wines that push boundaries while maintaining balance and elegance. The MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon represents the pinnacle of their Cabernet production.

Super-Concentrated & Age-Worthy

As James Suckling notes, this is "a super-concentrated, trim and age-worthy red that's structured and deep." The wine's concentration and structure provide the foundation for exceptional aging potential, making it both enjoyable now and worthy of cellaring for years to come.

Tasting Profile

Appearance: Deep, concentrated color
Aroma: Black cherry, graphite, cocoa, black olive, and tobacco leaf. Dark fruits like blackberry and plum with hints of chocolate, tobacco, and spices
Palate: Very focused with supple tannins and slightly restrained fruit. Black cherry flavors on an elegant texture. Graphite, cocoa, black olive and tobacco leaf flavors. Full-bodied but still balanced. Smooth mouthfeel characteristic of high-quality Cabernet Sauvignon
Finish: Structured and deep with lingering complexity

Napa Valley Terroir

The careful crafting of this wine allows it to reflect the unique terroir of the Napa Valley, ensuring a full-bodied experience. Napa Valley's ideal climate and soil conditions create the perfect environment for producing world-class Cabernet Sauvignon with depth, concentration, and elegance.

Very Focused & Elegant Texture

The wine is "very focused, showing supple tannins and slightly restrained fruit" according to James Suckling. This focus and elegance demonstrate the precision winemaking that defines Orin Swift's approach, creating a wine that is powerful yet refined.

Full-Bodied but Still Balanced

Despite its super-concentration and full-bodied character, this Cabernet Sauvignon maintains exceptional balance. This harmony between power and elegance makes it approachable while showcasing the complexity that defines great Cabernet Sauvignon.

Remarkable Aging Potential

One of the standout features of the Orin Swift MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon 2023 is its remarkable aging potential. Crafted with careful attention to detail, this wine benefits from extended cellaring, allowing the flavors to deepen and evolve over time. It can be enjoyed fresh, revealing its vibrant fruit characters, or aged for several years to develop complex nuances that enhance its profile. Wine enthusiasts will find that this Cabernet evolves gracefully in the bottle.

2023 Vintage Excellence

The 2023 vintage showcases the exceptional quality and character that defines MERCURY HEAD. This vintage reveals an intricate tapestry of flavors, encompassing dark fruits, graphite, cocoa, black olive, and tobacco leaf, making it perfect for both casual and formal occasions.

Food Pairing Suggestions

To fully appreciate the richness of Orin Swift MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon 2023, consider pairing it with hearty dishes that match its robust character:

• Grilled meats - ribeye steaks and lamb chops
• Rich pasta dishes
• Aged cheeses
• Charcuterie board with salami and aged cheeses
• Dark chocolate
• Braised short ribs
• Roasted game meats

Perfect for Special Occasions

The wine's bold profile complements the flavors of hearty dishes, creating a harmonious dining experience. Each sip offers a smooth mouthfeel, making it perfect for both casual and formal occasions, whether you're celebrating a special moment or enjoying an elevated dinner at home.

Excellent Addition to Any Collection

This age-worthy Cabernet Sauvignon makes an excellent addition to any wine collection or a thoughtful gift for wine aficionados. The combination of super-concentration, structure, and aging potential ensures this wine will develop beautifully over time.

Graphite, Cocoa & Black Olive Complexity

The complex flavor profile featuring graphite, cocoa, black olive, and tobacco leaf creates layers of interest that reveal themselves with each sip. This complexity, combined with the elegant texture and supple tannins, demonstrates the artistry of Orin Swift's winemaking.

Structured & Deep Character

The structured and deep character of this wine provides both immediate enjoyment and long-term aging potential. The careful balance between concentration and elegance ensures that MERCURY HEAD Cabernet Sauvignon delivers a memorable experience whether enjoyed young or after years of cellaring.

Menage a Trois Light Low Alcohol Red Blend 2022 750ml

Discover Menage a Trois Light Low Alcohol Red Blend 2022, a lush California red wine crafted for those seeking a lighter wine experience without sacrificing flavor. From the popular Menage a Trois brand known for its approachable, fruit-forward wines, this Light Red Blend delivers all the great flavors of your favorite red blend, but with only 90 calories and 8% alcohol. Perfect for health-conscious wine lovers and those who prefer a lighter style, this wine offers the quality and taste Menage a Trois is famous for in a more mindful format.

Low Alcohol & Low Calorie Benefits

Menage a Trois Light Red Blend features reduced alcohol content and only 90 calories per serving, making it an excellent choice for:

• Health-conscious consumers moderating alcohol intake
• Only 90 calories per serving - perfect for those watching their diet
• 8% alcohol - significantly lower than traditional red wines
• Daytime drinking and afternoon gatherings
• Extended social occasions without heaviness
• Maintaining clarity and energy while enjoying wine
• Active lifestyles and wellness-focused consumers
• Guilt-free indulgence

Light & Lush Style

The "Light" designation reflects this wine's lush character with reduced alcohol and calories. Crafted to deliver all the great flavors of your favorite red blend in a lighter package, this wine offers vibrant fruit flavors and smooth texture without the weight of higher alcohol wines. The result is a refreshing, easy-drinking red that's perfect for any occasion.

Tasting Profile

Aroma: Fresh berry and spice aromas. Red raspberry, bright cherry, and subtle spice notes
Palate: Lush and fruit-forward. Juicy red raspberry and bright cherry flavors. Smooth texture with vibrant fruit character. Light to medium-bodied
Finish: Smooth, satisfying finish on the palate. Clean and refreshing

Serve Lightly Chilled

For a deliciously refreshing experience, serve this red blend lightly chilled. This unique serving suggestion enhances the wine's fresh berry character and makes it perfect for warm weather enjoyment. The slight chill brings out the bright, juicy fruit flavors and creates a refreshing drinking experience.

Menage a Trois Quality

Menage a Trois is renowned for producing approachable, fruit-forward California wines that appeal to a wide range of wine drinkers. The Light Red Blend continues this tradition, offering the brand's signature quality and flavor in a lighter, lower-alcohol, lower-calorie format. Every bottle reflects Menage a Trois's commitment to creating wines that are both delicious and accessible.

Only 90 Calories

With only 90 calories per serving and 8% alcohol, Menage a Trois Light Red Blend is an excellent choice for those watching their caloric intake while still enjoying quality wine. This wine allows you to indulge in the pleasure of wine without the guilt, fitting seamlessly into a balanced, health-conscious lifestyle.

2022 Vintage Freshness

The 2022 vintage showcases fresh, vibrant fruit character that makes this red blend perfect for immediate enjoyment. This vintage captures bright berry flavors and smooth texture, offering a refreshing taste experience that's ideal for any occasion.

Food Pairing Suggestions

The lush, fruit-forward character of this red blend pairs beautifully with:

• Grilled chicken and light poultry dishes
• Pizza and pasta with tomato sauce
• Burgers and casual fare
• Charcuterie and cheese boards
• Barbecue and grilled meats
• Mediterranean cuisine
• Light red meat dishes
• Casual dining and entertaining

Perfect for Any Occasion

Menage a Trois Light Red Blend is ideal for:

• Daytime entertaining and afternoon gatherings
• Warm weather sipping and outdoor events
• Poolside relaxation and picnics
• Casual weeknight dinners
• Extended social gatherings
• Health-conscious celebrations
• Anytime you want great taste with less alcohol and fewer calories
• Active lifestyle and wellness-focused events

Serving Suggestions

Serve lightly chilled at 55-60°F (13-15°C) for a deliciously refreshing experience. The slight chill enhances the fresh berry and bright cherry flavors, making this an excellent choice for warm weather or anytime you want a refreshing glass of red wine.

Approachable California Style

Menage a Trois Light Red Blend embodies the approachable, fruit-forward style that has made the brand a favorite among wine lovers. The wine's easy-drinking character and versatile food-pairing ability make it perfect for both wine enthusiasts and casual drinkers seeking a lighter option.

Modern Wine for Modern Lifestyles

Menage a Trois Light Low Alcohol Red Blend represents the evolution of California winemaking, meeting the needs of today's health-conscious consumers who don't want to compromise on flavor. This wine proves that lower alcohol and fewer calories don't mean lower quality – it's a thoughtfully crafted red blend that delivers lush fruit, smooth texture, and the signature Menage a Trois quality in a lighter, more mindful package perfect for modern, active lifestyles.

Cupcake Lighthearted Low Alcohol Pinot Noir 750ml

Discover Cupcake Lighthearted Low Alcohol Pinot Noir, a refreshing choice crafted to support an active lifestyle without compromising on flavor. Winemaker Jessica Tomei was inspired to create Cupcake Vineyards' Lighthearted collection after struggling to find delicious tasting wines that fit her active lifestyle. This elegant Pinot Noir is light and juicy with notes of wild strawberry and plum, offering only 80 calories, 8% ABV, and less than one gram of sugar per serving, while maintaining the classic Pinot Noir profile you love.

Crafted for an Active Lifestyle

These wines are crafted with grapes grown in sunny California vineyards, perfectly structured to create well-balanced and medium-bodied wines. The grapes are harvested early in the growing season to minimize brix levels, which allow for a lower sugar, lower alcohol product after blending. The quality of these grapes makes for wines that deliver exceptional taste while supporting health-conscious choices, designed for a lighthearted sipping experience that's ideal for any occasion.

Tasting Profile

Light and juicy with vibrant notes of wild strawberry and plum. This Pinot Noir presents an inviting bouquet of cherries, strawberries, and a hint of vanilla, which is characteristic of the varietal. Upon tasting, you'll discover a vibrant acidity that enhances the fruitiness, making it incredibly refreshing. The light body ensures that it can be enjoyed chilled, perfect for warm weather sipping. Each sip is a celebration of bright flavors, showing that you don't have to compromise on taste to enjoy a low alcohol option.

Only 80 Calories Per Serving

Nutritional Benefits:

• Only 80 calories per serving
• 8% ABV (lower than traditional Pinot Noir)
• Less than 1 gram of sugar per serving
• Classic Pinot Noir profile maintained

Food Pairing Suggestions

This versatile low alcohol Pinot Noir pairs beautifully with:

• Grilled salmon and seafood
• Roasted vegetables
• Light cheese platters
• Poultry and chicken dishes
• Mushroom-based dishes
• Perfect for casual gatherings
• Ideal chilled for warm weather

Winemaker Jessica Tomei's Vision

Cupcake Vineyards believes in creating wines that are not only delightful to the palate but also accessible for all drinkers. The Lighthearted line is innovatively produced to reduce alcohol content without compromising on flavor or quality. Each bottle embodies a commitment to sustainability and quality, reflecting the vineyard's dedication to responsible wine production. Enjoy each drop with the knowledge that you're making a mindful choice.

Why Choose Low Alcohol Wines?

Low alcohol wines like the Cupcake Lighthearted Pinot Noir are gaining popularity for several good reasons. They allow you to enjoy the rich experience of wine tasting while keeping your alcohol intake in check, particularly beneficial for those who are health-conscious or looking to moderate their alcohol consumption. With its lower ethanol content, you can savor the intricate flavors without the heaviness that often accompanies higher alcohol wines. Embrace the trend of lighter wines, and discover the joys of a glass that pairs perfectly with both meals and casual gatherings, striking the right balance between flavor and lightness.

Experience the rich depth of Pielihueso Malbec/Cabernet Sauvignon, a wine that embodies the passion and organic farming philosophy of this family-owned estate. Spanish for "skin and bones," Pielihueso began in 2017 when father/daughter combo Alejandro and Celina Bartolome planted vines in Los Chacayes and Los Sauces, both subregions of the Uco Valley located within Tunuyán. This exquisite blend combines the elegance of Malbec with the structure of Cabernet Sauvignon, creating a delightful balance that captivates the palate.

High Elevation Organic Vineyard

50% Malbec, 50% Cabernet Sauvignon grown on a high elevation vineyard (3,900m) with vines ranging from 12 years (Malbec) to 72 years (Cabernet Sauvignon) in sandy/clay soils. The grapes are hand harvested and kept 50% whole cluster, then fermented in stainless steel tanks. All wines are farmed organically and made with no corrections, fermented with native indigenous yeasts, and a low addition of sulfur is added just before bottling.

Family Winemaking Philosophy

Alejandro comes from a long background in organic farming, and this is the family's first foray into wine. The winery's style focuses on making light, bright, clean, and vibrant wines that reflect the unique terroir of the Uco Valley. The labels were even created by the family - Carmela, the other daughter, designed them from their brother's artwork, making each bottle a true family collaboration.

Tasting Profile

Deep purple hue with an inviting aroma. The flavor profile is a tapestry of dark fruits, complemented by hints of spice and oak. Rich notes of blackberry and plum are coupled with soft tannins that provide a velvety mouthfeel. The addition of Cabernet Sauvignon adds complexity, introducing subtle layers of blackcurrant and a whisper of chocolate. Light, bright, clean, and vibrant character with a smooth finish. This wine is designed to be enjoyed young but has the potential to develop further nuances with age.

Los Chacayes & Los Sauces Terroir

This wine reflects the rich terroir of Los Sauces and Los Chacayes, subregions of the renowned Uco Valley in Tunuyán. The 2024 vintage stands out due to optimal growing conditions at high elevation, ensuring that only the finest grapes are harvested. The combination of sandy/clay soils, high altitude, and old vines (up to 72 years for Cabernet Sauvignon) creates wines of exceptional quality and character.

Food Pairing Suggestions

This incredibly versatile wine complements a variety of dishes:

• Grilled lamb and beef stew
• Hearty steaks and grilled meats
• Aged cheeses
• Roasted vegetables
• Gourmet pizzas
• Rich pasta dishes

Serving Suggestions

Serve slightly below room temperature to allow the aromatic qualities to shine. Whether paired with rich dishes or savored on its own, Pielihueso Malbec/Cabernet Sauvignon offers a luxurious taste experience. As you indulge in this exceptional wine, let the robust flavors and smooth finish transport you to the picturesque vineyards of the Uco Valley, where each glass tells a story of family, organic farming, and dedication to crafting light, bright, and vibrant wines. Whether you're a wine connoisseur or a casual enthusiast, this wine will elevate your collection.

Roberto Henriquez | Rivera del Notro | Tinto País 2024 | Bio Bío Valley, Chile | 750ml | 11% ABV

Roberto Henriquez is one of Chile's most compelling natural wine producers, working with ancient País vines in the Secano Interior — the dry-farmed interior valleys of the south where this grape has grown, largely forgotten, for centuries. The Rivera del Notro is his most fruit-forward expression: 200-year-old vines planted in alluvial soils on the warmer southern edge of the Bío Bío River, yielding a wine that is juicy, generous, and built for the table.

Where his País Franco tends toward the ethereal and mineral, the Rivera del Notro leans into pleasure. Tart red berries, a firm but approachable tannic grip, and a refreshing acidity that makes it equally at home chilled on a summer afternoon or alongside a proper asado. Serve it slightly cool — this is a red that rewards a few minutes in the fridge.

"Summer has arrived and what a perfect way to enjoy the long summer days than with a bottle of chillable red. At 11% ABV, it's meant to be served chilled — ideal for picnics, park and beach outings. Lots of tart and tangy red fruit, light on the palate, refreshing acidity."
— Oscar Garcia Moncada, Lead Sommelier, 67 Wine

• Appellation: Bio Bío Valley, Secano Interior, Chile
• Grape: País (vines 200+ years old)
• Farming: Natural, dry-farmed, alluvial soils
• Style: Light-bodied, chillable red
• Serve: Slightly chilled (12–14°C)
• Pairs with: Asado, grilled lamb, longaniza, charcuterie, goat cheese, spicy tomato pasta

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2023

Decanter 90 Points | Attractive and perfumed, with wild herb and spiced berry aromatics, vibrant palate of sour cherry, spice and a neat acidity. 

The Wine Enthusiast by Jesica Vargas writes 89 Points | The grapes are sourced from old vines in the Maule Valley. This País preserves its varietal typicity, offering intense strawberry aromas. The earthy palate is shaped by tart berries and hints of linden tea, alongside just enough acidity to make it a good match for Spanish tapas or Margherita pizza. 

Memo Summary Notes

The J. Bouchon "País Viejo" 2023 is a celebrated "rescue wine" from Chile’s Maule Valley. While the Rivera del Notro you looked at earlier is a raw, small-production natural wine, this "Viejo" (Old) bottling is arguably the wine that brought the País grape back into the global spotlight.

It is produced from 100-year-old bush vines that are dry-farmed (no irrigation), forcing the roots deep into granitic soils to find water and nutrients.

Pair with

The "Bouchon Pick": They specifically recommend this with fatty fish (like salmon or tuna) or simple pasta dishes. 

Rustic: Charcuterie, pork sausages (longaniza), or a classic margherita pizza.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2022

Decanter 93 Points | The 2022 is a charming, elegant rendition of the vintage expressing raspberry and strawberry with snaps of coriander and allspice. Seamless in flow, the palate is underscored by sweet acid and framed by soft, silky tannins. Juicy and drinkable now but with enough grip for the next seven to eight years. A blend of the estate's parcels in the distinguished MGAs of Rabajà, Rabajà-bas and Faset, Castello di Verduno's classic Barbaresco ages in large Slavonian oak casks.

Vinous 92 Points | The 2022 Barbaresco is a gracious, classy wine that captures the essence of the house style. Crushed flowers, sweet, red-toned fruit, orange peel, spice and rose petals are some of the notes that grace this understated, sensual Barbaresco. Soft tannins add to a feeling of approachability. What a pretty and engaging wine this is.

Jeb Dunnuck 90 Points | Pouring a bright medium ruby hue, the 2022 Barbaresco opens to notes of ripe cranberries, cinnamon, orange peel, and fresh flowers. The palate retains very nice freshness in this hot, dry vintage, with refreshing acidity, ripe tannins, and a clean, medium-bodied feel with a graceful and fruity finish. It's a highly charming offering to drink over the coming 6-8 years.

Memo Summary Notes

Verduno is a small town and the histories of the wineries located there are intertwined.

The Castle of Verduno, constructed in the early 1500s, was under the jurisdiction of the House of Savoy for much of its history until the Burlotto family purchased it in 1909.

The winery's philosophy is to produce wines that speak of place in a classic way and are also sustainable and protect the land. As such, they practice organic farming and are meticulous both in the vineyard and in the cellar. Minimal SO2 and also vinifies with indigenous yeast. Their wines are firmly traditional in style though never rustic; in fact just the opposite, they retain a rare elegance and purity.

Pair with

• Traditional: Tajarin pasta with a butter and sage sauce or a rich meat ragù.

• Savory: Roast pork tenderloin, braised beef short ribs, or a wild mushroom risotto.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2022

The Wine Enthusiast by Elaine Chukan Brown writes 92 Points | Generous and energetic, this Cabernet Sauvignon joins flavors of baked cherries and cranberries with a sprinkle of spice, vanilla and mocha cream, and almost-tobacco spices. Fine, persistent tannins carry through a long finish. 

Winemaker Description 

The 2022 growing season began with a mild spring that warmed into a temperate summer. The certified-organic grapes for this 2022 Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon matured smoothly and steadily, with a heat spike in early September that helped ripen the fruit to an ideal brix.

95 Points, Double Gold Medal
San Francisco Int'l Wine Competition, 2025
94 Points, Platinum Medal
Monterey Wine Competition, 2025
Gold Medal Pacific Rim Int'l Wine Competition, 2025

Following ZD’s signature style of producing big, ripe, fruit-forward wines, we sourced the grapes from small, organically certified vineyards, each with its own unique “terroir.” Each vineyard lot was fermented separately in small open-top fermenters and punched down three times a day, ensuring a gentle but effective extraction of color and tannins.

The individual lots were then aged in small American Oak cooperage for a year until final blending. The wine was returned to barrel and aged for an additional year before bottling.

This wine has a beautiful, deep ruby color with nuanced aromas blending cassis, anise, cola, black cherry pie, and subtle hints of baking spices complemented with cedar and vanilla. On the palate, red and dark fruits are forward and bright with fine, well-integrated tannins that gives it an unctuous mouthfeel. Lingering hints of blackberry, cocoa and toasty vanilla round out the long, lush finish. The balance of this wine leads to it drinking wonderfully now and it will continue to develop more complexity with age.

Winemaker Description 

Liatiko variety gives us delicate and light wines with ruby colour. We suggest you try it in a burgundy shape glass that perfectly unfolds its aromas. It has concentrated aromas of fresh red fruits, herbs and light floral aromas.

As it ages, develops a unique bouquet of ripe fruits, leather and spices. It has light body, good acidity, soft and delicious tannins and long aftertaste, traits that portrait it as a very elegant wine.

The Douloufakis "Dafnios" Liatiko 2021 is a standout example of Crete's indigenous red grape, Liatiko. Produced in the village of Dafnés by Nikolas Douloufakis, this wine is often compared to Pinot Noir or Nebbiolo due to its lighter color and elegant, aromatic profile.

Expert Review - Vintage 2023

The Wine Advocate 89 Points | Partially destemmed and matured in a mix of foudres, large barrels and concrete tanks (80%), the 2023 Chateauneuf du Pape is somewhat shy and introverted at this stage, opening with aromas of dark berries and licorice. Medium- to full-bodied, round and sappy, it shows a sweet, juicy core of fruit tapering into a finish that is slightly marked by bitterness.

Memo Summary Notes

Jezreel Valley Winery Nahalal Red — Israel 2024

The Nahalal is Jezreel Valley Winery's homage to the first worker's settlement in Israel — an ode to the land, the labor, and the tradition of winemaking that has defined this region for generations. A blend of Syrah and Carignan sourced from the sun-drenched Jezreel Valley, each variety is picked, fermented, and aged separately to honor the individuality of the terroir before being blended with precision. After 14 months in mostly used French oak, the result is a wine that is light, vibrant, and unmistakably Mediterranean in spirit. Kosher and Mevushal.

The nose is exuberant and fruit-forward: ripe red cherry, fresh strawberry, and a hint of warm spice. On the palate, it is dry and medium-bodied with bright acidity, a silky texture, and a clean, refreshing finish that makes it as at home on a sunny afternoon as it is at the dinner table. Unlike many heavy, oak-dominant Israeli reds, the Nahalal is built for pleasure and accessibility — a wine that drinks beautifully from the moment it is opened.

• Producer: Jezreel Valley Winery, Jezreel Valley, Israel
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Jezreel Valley
• Blend: Syrah, Carignan
• Vinification: Separate fermentation by variety, 14 months in mostly used French oak
• Certification: Kosher • Mevushal
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Red cherry, strawberry, warm spice, bright acidity, silky texture, clean finish
• Best Paired With: Mediterranean lamb kebabs, gourmet pizza, roasted chicken with olives, spiced Middle Eastern dishes

A sunny, food-friendly Kosher red built for the table — Jezreel's Nahalal is the benchmark for what vibrant, approachable Israeli wine can be.

Maison Sichel Margaux 2022 750ml

The Sichel House is renowned for its high-quality wines, and the Maison Sichel Margaux 2022 is no exception. This wine is a remarkable embodiment of the rich heritage of the Margaux region. Crafted with carefully selected grapes, this vintage delivers a beautiful balance between strength and finesse. The year 2022 yielded exceptional fruit characteristics, allowing the winemakers to produce a wine that showcases both elegance and complexity. The result is a full-bodied red that delights the palate and invites exploration, making it a superb addition to any wine collection.

Expert Recognition - 2022 Vintage

James Suckling - 92 Points
"Plush plums, redcurrants, tobacco and some sweet spices. Fluid and evenly packed on the palate with medium body and juicy, firm tannins. Lightly peppery in the medium-length finish. Cabernet sauvignon and merlot. Drink now."

Grape Blend

Composition: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot & Petit Verdot
This classic Bordeaux blend showcases the best of Margaux's terroir and winemaking tradition.

Tasting Profile

Appearance: Deep ruby red with deep violet tints indicating richness
Aroma: Expressive, ripe bouquet displaying all the finesse and elegance typical of the Margaux terroir. Complexity on the nose with overripe, jammy red fruit aromas, blackcurrant, plush plums, redcurrants, vanilla, spice, tobacco, and sweet spices. Swirling brings out more oaky, toasty notes denoting traditional ageing in oak barrels which blend harmoniously with the fruity aromas
Palate: Fluid and evenly packed with medium body. Concentrated and generous but not capricious, highly expressive. Rich flavors including chocolate, vanilla, and mild tobacco. Juicy, firm tannins of the highest quality. Well-integrated tannins. Lightly peppery
Finish: Long, lingering finish with medium-length. Lightly peppery character

Margaux Appellation Excellence

Situated 25km from Bordeaux, the Margaux appellation covers five municipalities and is the only one in the Médoc where you find the entire, rich and vast range of wines, from the first to the fifth Grand Cru Classé. Margaux wines are particularly supple and refined. They are characterized by very elegant, fruity aromas, making them the benchmark for generous, sophisticated wines with soft ripe tannins.

Vineyard Terroir

The vineyard area of Margaux is essentially based on the Garonne's layers, made up of gravel and pebbles from the quaternary period. This soil, well protected from the oceanic winds by the forest, benefits from the bracing winds from the Gironde estuary which tempers the climate. The soil's poorness, the gravel's permeability, and the slightly sloping hillsides that provide good drainage allow the vines to be deep rooted, providing the ideal conditions for top quality wines.

Traditional Winemaking

Harvest: When fully mature, the grapes are for the most part hand-picked
Vinification: Grapes are crushed and destemmed, then put into fermenters. The harvest is heated to around 22°C to allow a quick start to fermentation. Twice daily pumping over with aeration takes place to extract maximum color and tannin. After alcoholic fermentation, vats are maintained at around 30°C for 15 to 21 days
Aging: 6 to 8 months aging in French oak barrels with racking every 4 weeks. Traditional aging in oak barrels creates oaky, toasty notes that blend harmoniously with fruity aromas
Finishing: Wines are fined and filtered on earth before bottling

One of the Greatest Bordeaux Vintages

The product of one of the greatest Bordeaux vintages, the 2022 showcases exceptional fruit characteristics and winemaking expertise. The wine's structure is both robust and refined, making it ideal for aging while also being enjoyable now. This vintage offers a delightful experience that evolves over time, showcasing the winemaking expertise of Sichel House.

Food Pairing Suggestions

This exquisite wine pairs beautifully with a variety of dishes, enhancing both the food and the wine experience:

• Hearty red meats - grilled lamb or beef
• Rich gourmet cheeses
• Mushroom risotto
• Savory pastas
• Roasted meats
• Elegant dinner parties

Serving Suggestions

For optimal enjoyment, serve the Maison Sichel Margaux 2022 slightly below room temperature, allowing its full bouquet to unfold. This wine promises to elevate any dining occasion and impress even the most discerning palates.

Sichel House Heritage

The Sichel House is renowned for producing high-quality wines that embody the rich heritage and tradition of Bordeaux winemaking. Each sip reveals layers of complexity and elegance, showcasing the finesse typical of the Margaux terroir. With its beautiful balance between strength and refinement, this wine represents the benchmark for generous, sophisticated Bordeaux wines with soft ripe tannins.

Dirk Niepoort Nat Cool Bairrada Tinto — Bairrada, Portugal 2024 | Organic | 1L

Nat Cool is the brainchild of Dirk Niepoort — one of Portugal's most visionary winemakers and the owner of the legendary Niepoort Wines and Ports. Created as a response to a market hungry for fun, easygoing, naturally-made wines for everyday drinking, Nat Cool began in the Bairrada appellation working with Baga, Portugal's indigenous and notoriously tannic red grape. Dirk found a way to coax something entirely different from it: fresh, light, glou-glou Baga with 12% alcohol, minimal sulfur, and zero pretension — bottled in a generous 1-liter format at a cool price.

The 2024 Tinto is organic, vibrant, and built for the table. Expect crunchy red fruit — cherry, cranberry, and wild strawberry — with earthy undertones, bright acidity, and silky, low-extraction tannins. Serve slightly chilled and drink freely.

• Producer: Dirk Niepoort / Nat Cool, Bairrada, Portugal
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Bairrada, Portugal
• Varietal: Baga
• Certification: Organic
• Style: Light-bodied, fresh, low-sulfur natural red
• Format: 1 Liter
• Best Paired With: Charcuterie, grilled chicken, roasted vegetables, pizza, casual weeknight meals

The Nat Cool rules: Less is more. Cooler = less extraction. Authentic, cool attitude. One liter bottle. Cool price. The incredible lightness of being.

Winemaker Description 

Cherry, pomegranate, and floral notes of lavender and violets. Dried cranberry, black raspberry, cocoa, vanilla, and black pepper spice.

Intense, vibrant red fruit—black cherry, cranberry, pomegranate—mixed with darker flavors of currant, plum, and hints of chocolate and vanilla. Nice acidity, making the wine balanced and sweet, but not at all cloying—an ideal dessert wine.

Dashe Cellars has made Late Harvest Zinfandels since 1997, and this luscious and balanced dessert wine has always been a favorite. This particular Late Harvest Zinfandel is made from grapes grown on the Louvau Vineyard in Dry Creek Valley. One of the reasons that we love this vineyard is the wonderful acidity of the grapes. The resulting wine is focused and clear—it’s never cloying, and always finishes with a crisp, clean, sweet-spicy note.

We create the conditions for making Late Harvest Zinfandel by allowing the grapes to hang on the vine approximately 3--4 weeks after they normally would be picked for a dry wine. These grapes were picked on October 30th on a beautiful Fall day, and the grapes arrived at the winery at 40° Brix of sugar. We crushed the grapes into a small 1,500-gallon tank and as is our tradition at Dashe Cellars, we fermented the grapes naturally, using the native yeasts that naturally live on the skins of the grapes. We let the grapes macerate to gain color and flavor, and then allowed the tank to warm. The fermentation took off quickly, and then naturally halted when the alcohol had reached about 15.5% and the sugar level was about 9%. We always allow the wine to achieve its balance of sweetness and alcohol naturally, by letting the fermentation finish on its own. The wine was aged in older French oak barrels so as to not overpower the intensity of the fruit. We bottled the wine as soon as possible to maintain its fresh fruit flavors and conserve its sweet concentration and purity. The wine is unfined and received minimal handling to the bottle.

Technical Description 

• Practicing Sustainable
• 100% Zinfandel
• Lily Hill Vineyard (Dry Creek Valley AVA)
• Originally planted in 1915, replanted in 2001
• 800 – 1,000 ft. elevation
• Harvested 3-4 weeks after normal picking for dry wines
• Crushed into stainless steel tanks
• Native yeast fermentation
• Aged in older French barrels
• R.S. 90 g/L or 9% by volume
• 381 cases produced
• 14.5% abv

Flores de Callejo — Ribera del Duero 2024

Bodegas Félix Callejo is one of Ribera del Duero’s most respected family estates, rooted in Sotillo de la Ribera in the heart of Burgos. Flores de Callejo is their youngest, most exuberant expression — a pure Tempranillo built not for the cellar, but for the table. Low yields on clay-loam soils produce small, concentrated berries that deliver outsized aromatic intensity for a wine at this price point. Cheerful, vibrant, and made for immediate enjoyment.

The nose is fresh and fruit-forward: ripe red berries, cherry, and a floral lift that gives the wine its name. On the palate, it is light to medium-bodied with soft tannins, lively acidity, and a clean, juicy finish. Uncomplicated in the best possible way — this is a wine that invites a second glass.

• Producer: Bodegas Félix Callejo, Sotillo de la Ribera, Burgos, Spain
• Vintage: 2024
• Appellation: Ribera del Duero DO
• Grape: Tempranillo
• Soils: Clay-loam
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Ripe cherry, red berries, floral lift, soft tannins, juicy finish
• Best Paired With: Vegetables, fresh pasta, soups, charcuterie, light grilled meats

Ribera del Duero at its most approachable — Flores de Callejo is the everyday Tempranillo that punches well above its class.

Expert Reviews - Vintage 2019 

The Wine Enthusiast 95 Points | Spicy and structured, this is a classic Saint-Estèphe. Big tannins are boldly paired with the potential of the ripe black currant fruits that are juicy and fresh. The two sides of this wine are not yet together but do promise considerable aging. 

The Wine Advocate 94 Points | This year's blend is 56% Cabernet Sauvignon, 42% Merlot, 1% Cabernet Franc and 1% Petit Verdot. Deep garnet-purple in color, the 2019 de Pez comes tumbling out of the glass with an astonishingly beautiful perfume of lilacs, black cherries and black raspberries over a core of stewed plums, clove oil, dark chocolate and Sichuan pepper. The medium-bodied palate is jam-packed with energetic black fruits, supported by a firm foundation of ripe, grainy tannins and lovely freshness, finishing long and perfumed. I love where this once-malingering château is headed—bravo to winemaker Nicolas Glumineau from Pichon Lalande! 

The Wine Spectator 93 Points | Bright and fresh, featuring an upfront display of red and black currant preserve flavors, laced with black tea and backed by a nice iron twinge through the finish. Sneaky long, too. Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Petit Verdot. 

Decanter 93 Points | Owned by Pichon Comtesse, this is a lovely St Estèphe with polish and poise. Good depth to the berry fruits, with an appealing unfussy confidence. New cellars this year that allows for more precise reflection of the plots in 1% Petit Verdot completes the blend. 

James Suckling 93 Points | Sweet berries with cedar and sandalwood, as well as flowers, such as lavender. Perfumed. Full-to medium-bodied with very polished and refined tannins that run the length of the wine. Very attractive and balanced. 

A striking single-vineyard expression from the sandy, mineral-rich soils of Mt. Etna’s northwestern flank. Made primarily from old-vine Nerello Mascalese, it offers fine tannins, bright red fruit, and a savory, stony core. This is one of Eduardo’s most refined and site-specific wines—elegant, earthy, and deeply expressive of Etna’s unique terroir.

Eric Guido said of the 2022 vintage - 94+ Points - The 2022 Nerello Mascalese Arenaria takes its time in the glass. It is darkly floral and spiced with a smoldering blend of blackberries and grilled herbs offset by a tinge of tangerine. This impresses further with its combination of tart wild berries and zesty citrus tones elevated by juicy acidity over a stream of silken textures. Complex yet wildly energetic, the 2022 leaves the palate reeling as licorice comes together with black raspberry and cocoa over a bed of fine-grained tannins. The Arenaria is painfully young today yet full of potential, displaying incredible depth and refinement. In a word, spellbinding."

Winemaker Description 

Whether it’s a cozy dinner or a gathering with friends, Sonsierra Crianza is the perfect companion. Aged for 12 months in oak barrels, it offers a balanced blend of ripe fruits, vanilla, and cocoa. Ideal with meats, legumes, or semi-cured cheeses. A wine that’s always a great choice!

The Sonsierra Crianza is a classic expression of 100% Tempranillo, made from carefully selected grapes hand-harvested from the slopes of the Sierra Cantabria in the heart of Rioja Alta. These vineyards benefit from ideal conditions that ensure the production of high-quality grapes, creating a wine that balances tradition with a modern winemaking approach.

The winemaking process starts with a cold maceration of 24 hours, followed by an 8-day fermentation in stainless steel tanks at a controlled temperature to extract the best fruity aromas. After fermentation, the wine undergoes 12 months of aging in oak barrels (70% American oak and 30% French oak), where it gains its characteristic complexity and balance. Finally, the wine rests for a minimum of 3 months in the bottle, allowing its flavors to mature and harmonize.

With a bright ruby-red color, the Sonsierra Crianza opens with a complex bouquet of ripe red fruits, combined with hints of vanilla, cocoa, and toasted coffee from its time in the barrel. On the palate, it is smooth and balanced, with well-integrated tannins and a long, lingering finish that evokes flavors of ripe fruit and vanilla.

Domaine Georges Lignier Chambolle-Musigny — Burgundy 2022

Domaine Georges Lignier’s Chambolle-Musigny is one of the quiet gems of the Côte de Nuits — and the 2022 vintage may be its finest expression yet. Sourced from a prime 0.71-hectare parcel of 70-year-old vines straddling the “Les Drazey” and “Les Bussières” vineyards, just below the Premier Cru “Les Sentiers” and adjacent to the Bonnes Mares grand cru, this is village Burgundy that performs well above its appellation. Matured in small oak barrels — none new — to preserve the purity and transparency of the Pinot Noir. James Suckling awarded it 93 points, calling it “a very charming Chambolle-Musigny village wine with a lot of floral finesse.”

The nose is classically Chambolle: red flowers, ripe cherry, wild raspberry, and a whisper of forest floor. On the palate, it is sweet and silky — warm, powdery tannins deftly supporting a long, polished finish with remarkable depth for a village-level wine. The ancient vines and ideal location produce a complexity that elevates this far beyond what one would expect from a Villages bottling.

James Suckling 93 — “Sweet and silky, this is a very charming Chambolle-Musigny village wine with a lot of floral finesse, the warm, powdery tannins deftly supporting the long, polished finish.”

• Producer: Domaine Georges Lignier, Morey-Saint-Denis, Burgundy, France
• Vintage: 2022
• Appellation: Chambolle-Musigny AOC
• Vineyards: Les Drazey & Les Bussières — 0.71ha, 70-year-old vines, red soil
• Varietal: 100% Pinot Noir
• Vinification: Aged in small oak barrels, no new oak
• Size: 750ml
• Tasting Notes: Red flowers, cherry, wild raspberry, forest floor, silky tannins, long polished finish
• Cellar Potential: Drink now or cellar 8–12 years
• Best Paired With: Roast duck, mushroom risotto, lamb chops, aged Comté, rabbit in mustard sauce

Silky, floral, and unmistakably Chambolle — Domaine Georges Lignier’s village bottling is the benchmark for what old-vine Burgundy can deliver at this level.